Ordem mundial e atipificação do terrorismo no Brasil e na América do Sul

Abstract

The terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, led to a desire for rigorous security to prevent terrorist acts. This initiative began in the United States, but eventually expanded through international politics to the rest of the countries. In this context, several international diplomas have emerged on the subject, which, although not very specific and clear, have imposed on other countries the classification of terrorist acts, without paying attention to the negative impacts that an imposed typificationon a subject as complex as terrorism could bring to the countries that had been internationally pressured to adopt it. The countries that suffered most from this phenomenon were the ones considered as underdeveloped countries, that ended up being literally forced to typify behaviors that did not belong to their reality, just to stay in the international market. Brazil, for example, adhered to 12 international agreements about terrorism, and ended up quickly giving rise to Law 13.260/2016, the national antiterrorist law, in order to comply the external requirements. It occurs that terrorism –whether its financing or the act itself –has just recently started to become a reality in Brazil and the other Latin American countries’ scenarios, especially those located in the Triple Frontier, which demands the issue to be well worked by their respective orders. Hence, the present work aims to bring, through doctrinal, legislative and jurisprudential research: the evolution of terrorism until its typification in the present time; the main issues related to the theme; the real reasons for its typification; as well as the legislative status of the topic in vogue in Brazil and in other Latin American countries, to demonstrate the real circumstances regarding the typification of terrorism in those countries and the need for a reconsideration on the subject, so that it's possible to create verily applicable and effective laws, and not only to attend international demands